But her proximate end might be far removed from her ultimate end.
In other words, proximate causes are the mechanisms directly underlying the behaviour.
But is it not something of a leap from those proximate causes to that primary underlying cause?
Yet one proximate cause stems from the Trump administration's unilateral decision to exit the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, the so-called Iran nuclear deal, as a part of a crude "maximum pressure" campaign.
There is no equivalently clear, crisp definition of legal or proximate cause.
Policy-based proximate cause tests are themselves usefully divided into two camps.
The example emphasizes the instrumental nature of the causality of a proximate efficient cause.
More personal leeway could also be allowed by deploying the legal notion of proximate causation.
Exactly what losses or injuries are “natural and proximate” results is often very difficult to determine.
…to deduce the proximate and ultimate functions by using strong inference based on a set of critical predictions.
Beginning with the general policy-based proximate cause tests: the first of these are what we may call “ad hoc policy tests”.
Al-Kindī applies his distinction between proximate and remote efficient causes to explain generation and corruption as follows.
The proximate causes of social behaviour include the underlying genetic, developmental, physiological (that is, neural and endocrine), and morphological mechanisms.
Proximate explanations cite the more immediate cause of a trait, for example, the genes or developmental pathways that cause the occurrence of a trait in an organism.
As we shall see shortly, such skepticism there considers “proximate cause” a misnomer and reinterprets the proximate cause requirement in noncausal, policy terms.
In addition to the functional parts, Socrates’ substantial form (or forms) and his matter (either his prime matter or his proximate matter en masse) can be considered parts of Socrates.
We turn now from the policy-based tests of proximate causation to those tests based on the view that proximate causation, like cause in fact, has to do with real causal relations in the world.
Just forest fires have their proximate cause in the carelessness or maliciousness of human behavior, or lightning strike, on dried woodlands – so too must the destruction of tenuous market values always have a point of ignition.
House Democrats defended their decision not to wait to pursue the subpoenas all the way to the Supreme Court, saying that there was “proximate threat of further presidential attempts to solicit foreign interference in our next election,” and that litigation would run out the clock.
While there is no test of proximate causation that is comparably dominant in law (even if only in lip service) to the counterfactual test of cause-in-fact, it is nonetheless useful to display the various proximate cause tests as they react to problems in other tests of proximate causation.
proximate
adj all
- very close in space or time
Example: proximate words
adj all
- closest in degree or order (space or time) especially in a chain of causes and effects
Example: news of his proximate arrival
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