(Sophistical Refutations bk. 4)
It is a somewhat sophistical one.
…disputation, the Topics and the Sophistical Refutations, belong to this early period.
Chapters 19–30 advise answerers on how to avoid being taken in by sophistical refutations.
The history of the study of fallacies begins with Aristotle’s work, On Sophistical Refutations.
…on logic and disputation, the Topics and the Sophistical Refutations, belong to this early period.
A System of Logic is the most extensive work on fallacies since Aristotle’s Sophistical Refutations.
He managed to translate the Categories, the De Interpretatione, the Prior Analytics, the Topics and the Sophistical Refutations.
It is possible that two of Aristotle’s surviving works on logic and disputation, the Topics and the Sophistical Refutations, belong to this early period.
., Metaphysics 990b17 = 1079a13, 1039a2; Sophistical Refutations 178b36 ff.) discusses (something akin to) the argument at Parmenides 132a–b in these terms.
“All things are not in a single genus”, he says, “and even if they were, all beings could not fall under the same principles” (On Sophistical Refutations 11).
However, he also studies what he calls contentious (eristikos) or sophistical arguments: these he defines as arguments which only apparently establish their conclusions.
These works, along with the Topics, the Sophistical Refutations, and a treatise on scientific method, the Posterior Analytics, were grouped together in a collection known as the Organon, or “tool” of thought.
This suggestion is reinforced by the fact that the earliest known medieval statement of the Liar occurs in 1132, around the time the Sophistical Refutations first began to circulate in Western Europe in Latin translation (see Section 2 below).
Aristotle’s Posterior Analytics, Topics and Sophistical Refutations are said to deal with particular logic as much as they deal respectively with the demonstrative syllogism, the dialectical syllogism and the sophistical syllogism.
The Posterior Analytics presents the demonstrative syllogism, made of necessary matter; the Topics the dialectical syllogism of probable matter; and the Sophistical Refutations deals with sophistical matter, i.e., fallacious reasoning (DOS 503).
But in another, much more significant sense, Samarqandî was entirely successful; his work by and large supplanted the Topics and Sophistical Fallacies, and gained a place in the madrasa system along side Kâtibî's Shamsiyya; treatises on the etiquette of debate are often found in codices along with the logic treatises.
A final factor, or range of factors, at work on the shape of the logic treatise that emerged in the thirteenth century arose out of discussions in law, especially the tradition of legal dialectic; this tradition was ultimately to crystallise as a new discipline that replaced the discussion of the Topics and Sophistical Fallacies.
Avicenna’s logic is indebted first and foremost to Aristotle—the First Teacher (al-muʿallim al-awwal)—and the works of the Organon: the Categories (Maqūlāt), On Interpretation (ʿIbāra), the Prior Analytics (Anūlūṭīqā ūlā or Qiyās), the Posterior Analytics (Anūlūṭīqā ṯāniya or Burhān), the Topics (Ṭūbīqā or Ğadal), and the Sophistical Refutations (Sūfisṭīqā or Muġālaṭa).
The Neoplatonists also considered that Aristotle had arranged his Organon so that the path up to this summit through Categories, De Interpretatione, and Prior Analytics assembled the tools of logic, and the downward slope from Posterior Analytics onwards allowed the student to apply these tools within demonstrative methods, dialectical methods, sophistical methods, rhetorical methods, and poetic methods in turn.
On this page, there are 20 sentence examples for sophistical. They are all from high-quality sources and constantly processed by lengusa's machine learning routines.
Grid-Flow technology
Just use the " " button to fragment sentence examples and start your learning flow.
Example output from one of your searches:
The Neoplatonists also considered that Aristotle had arranged his Organon so that the path up to this summit through Categories De Interpretatione and Prior Analytics assembled the tools of logic and the downward slope from Posterior Analytics onwards allowed the student to apply these tools within demonstrative methods dialectical methods sophistical methods rhetorical methods and poetic methods in turn