Because trophic cascades affected the…
Conclusions drawn from these rare traces provide insights into the trophic dynamics and feeding ecology of theropods in the MMQ.
One of my favorites is Trophic Cascade Carbon.
Most food chains consist of three or four trophic levels.
Those experiments showed that trophic cascades controlled
(See community ecology: Trophic pyramids and the flow of…
Trophic level, step in a nutritive series, or food chain, of an ecosystem.
The trophic structure of the ocean is built on the plankton known as krill.
The trophic structure of the ocean is built on the plankton known as krill.
…the manner in which food energy is passed from one trophic level to the next along the food chain.
While physical and chemical factors are important, producer communities and their metabolic rates are also influenced by trophic cascades.
Energy passes through these trophic levels primarily along the grazer and detrital chains and is progressively degraded to heat through metabolic activities.
Because energy, in the form of heat, is lost at each step, or trophic level, chains do not normally encompass more than four or five trophic levels.
The trophic pyramid is made up of trophic levels, and food energy is passed from one level to the next along the food chain (see below Food chains and food webs).
Those experiments showed that trophic cascades controlled biomass and production of phytoplankton, recycling rates of nutrients, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus available to phytoplankton, activity of
Trophic pyramid, the basic structure of interaction in all biological communities characterized by the manner in which food energy is passed from one trophic level to the next along the food chain.
The same equation applies to the herbivores (x2, red) at the second trophic level, except now i = 2, and to the predators (x3, black) at the third trophic level, except now i = 3 (with x4 identically 0).
Within all biological communities, energy at each trophic level is lost in the form of heat (as much as 80 to 90 percent), as organisms expend energy for metabolic processes such as staying warm and digesting food (see biosphere: The flow of energy).
Trophic cascade, an ecological phenomenon triggered by the addition or removal of top predators and involving reciprocal changes in the relative populations of predator and prey through a food chain, which often results in dramatic changes in ecosystem structure and nutrient cycling.
Extending this case to a two-trophic case of an idealized population x2 exploiting a second idealized population x1 = x that itself is extracting resources from a constant resource flux x0 = R, if both populations grow hyperbolically on resources extracted at rates given by functions conforming to the function given in condition 4 above, then we have the two trophic model:with and with functions and .
trophic
adj pert
- of or relating to nutrition
Example: a trophic level on the food chain
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Extending this case to a two-trophic case of an idealized population x2 exploiting a second idealized population x1 x that itself is extracting resources from a constant resource flux x0 R if both populations grow hyperbolically on resources extracted at rates given by functions conforming to the function given in condition 4 above then we have the two trophic modelwith and with functions and